Infected Fallopian tube. Sectioned gross clinical specimen of pyosalpinx, a condition in which a fallopian tube becomes swollen and filled with pus due to inflammation (salpingitis). This is caused by bacterial infection. The infection may have spread from the vagina or uterus, and may spread further to the peritoneum, the membrane lining the abdominal cavity. Symptoms include pain, fever and vaginal discharge. There is a risk of infertility if the Fallopian tubes become blocked by scar tissue. Salpingitis is treated with antibiotic drugs.