Herbal medicine. 8th-century manuscript page showing artworks of plants and Arabic text describing herbal remedies. This manuscript was produced in Al-Andalus (modern-day Spain) in the year 125 of the Hegira (the Islamic calendar, 742 AD). It is itself a copy of an earlier work on plant traits by the 1st-century AD Greek physician Pedanius Dioscorides. This fragment of the manuscript is held at the Bibliotheque nationale de France (BnF).