Brain. Computer-enhanced historical illustration of the sectioned human brain with cranial nerves, seen in side view. At top are surface folds of the cerebrum, the largest and most developed part of the brain responsible for conscious thought. The thalamus is the rounded structure beneath the cerebrum. In the region of the ear is the tree- shaped cerebellum concerned with posture, balance and muscle coordination. At left of the cerebellum is the brainstem to which the spinal cord is attached and passes down into the body. Cranial nerves from the brainstem and spinal cord feed the face and neck. Illustration published in F. Arnold's book: Icones nervorum capitis" (1834)."